Check PIPESTATUS of each stage

Inspect exit code of every pipe stage; $? only reports the last command

curl -s "$url" | jq .data; echo "${PIPESTATUS[@]}"

More bash commands

getopts flag parsing

while getopts "n:v" o; do case $o in n) ns=$OPTARG;; v) verbose=1;; esac; done

POSIX option parsing with arguments; -n takes a value, -v is a switch
Bound command with timeout and kill

timeout -k 5s 30s ./long_task.sh || echo "timed out: $?"

SIGTERM at 30s then SIGKILL after 5s grace; exit 124 means it was killed
Dedicated fd for structured logging

exec 3>>audit.log; echo "$(date -Is) start" >&3; exec 3>&-

Open fd 3 to a file, write to it independently of stdout, then close it
zsh recursive glob and batch rename

setopt extendedglob; print -l **/*(.); autoload zmv; zmv '(*).txt' '$1.bak'

zsh: list only regular files recursively, then mass-rename safely with zmv
Strict mode with safe IFS

set -euo pipefail; IFS=$'\n\t'

Fail fast on errors, unset vars, pipe failures; split only on newline/tab