IO wait and throughput

Extended disk IO stats every 2s, 5 iterations; look for %iowait, await

iostat -xz 2 5

More linux commands

Virtual memory stats

vmstat 1 5

System-wide CPU, memory, swap, IO stats per second
Watch IO per process

iotop -ao

Accumulated disk read/write per process (requires root)
System activity report

sar -u -r -d 1 5

CPU, memory, and disk stats via sysstat (5 samples, 1s interval)
Trace system calls of a process

strace -f -e trace=network,file -p <pid>

Trace network and file syscalls of a running process
CPU performance counters

perf stat -e cycles,instructions,cache-misses -- sleep 5

Hardware CPU counters during a 5-second window