Draw boot dependency graph

Render full boot dependency graph as SVG

systemd-analyze dot --require | dot -Tsvg > boot.svg && open boot.svg

More systemd commands

Create a simple service unit

cat > /etc/systemd/system/myapp.service <<EOF [Unit] Description=My App After=network.target [Service] ExecStart=/usr/bin/myapp Restart=always RestartSec=5 User=appuser [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF

Minimal systemd service unit template
Run one-shot as another user

systemd-run --uid=1000 --gid=1000 --wait /usr/bin/myapp --task

Run a transient one-shot unit under a specific user
Create systemd timer

cat > /etc/systemd/system/backup.timer <<EOF [Unit] Description=Daily backup [Timer] OnCalendar=daily Persistent=true [Install] WantedBy=timers.target EOF

Replacement for cron with Persistent=true for missed runs
Set memory limit on service

systemctl set-property myapp.service MemoryMax=512M CPUQuota=50%

Apply cgroup limits without editing unit file
Show service resource usage

systemctl status myapp.service | grep -E 'Memory:|CPU:|Tasks:'

Current memory, CPU, and task counts from cgroup