Ephemeral port exhaustion

Count TIME-WAIT sockets vs port range; note: tune tw_reuse not tw_recycle

ss -tan state time-wait | wc -l; sysctl net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range
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troubleshooting32 commands
tags
troubleshootingnetworkperformancekernel

More troubleshooting commands

  • Socket summary stats
    ss -s; ss -tan state syn-sent | wc -l

    One-shot socket totals by state; SYN-SENT pileup hints at SYN drops/firewall

  • Path MTU discovery
    tracepath -n <host>; ping -M do -s 1472 -c2 <host>

    Find PMTU drop hop; ping -M do forbids frag to pinpoint blackhole MTU

  • Confirm egress route and ARP
    ip route get <ip>; ip neigh show | grep -E 'FAILED|INCOMPLETE'

    Show actual src/iface for a dest; FAILED neigh entries = L2/ARP problem

  • TCP port reachability past firewall
    traceroute -T -p 443 <host>; nc -zv <host> 443

    TCP-SYN traceroute survives ICMP filtering; nc -zv confirms open port

  • Bypass DNS with curl --resolve
    curl -sv --resolve <host>:443:<ip> https://<host>/healthz

    Pin host to a specific IP to test backend while keeping SNI/Host header

all 32 troubleshooting commands